Thank you for listening to this episode of "Health and Fitness" from the Nezpod Studios! Enjoy your night or the start of your day, spiced by our top-notch health and fitness/wellness updates coined from the best sources around the globe: made only for your utmost enjoyment and enlightenment… Click on subscribe to get more spicy episodes for free! See you again soon on the next episode of Health and fitness updates!

Thank you for listening to this episode of "Health and Fitness" from the Nezpod Studios! Enjoy your night or the start of your day, spiced by our top-notch health and fitness/wellness updates coined from the best sources around the globe: made only for your utmost enjoyment and enlightenment… Click on subscribe to get more spicy episodes for free! See you again soon on the next episode of Health and fitness updates!

Thank you for listening to this episode of "Health and Fitness" from the Nezpod Studios! Enjoy your night or the start of your day, spiced by our top-notch health and fitness/wellness updates coined from the best sources around the globe: made only for your utmost enjoyment and enlightenment… Click on subscribe to get more spicy episodes for free! See you again soon on the next episode of Health and fitness updates!

the 80 assessment is a fundamental tool used to provide a quick assessment for a patient who is critically ill it follows an order going through the potential life-threatening problems giving priority to the most severe issues all right so the a stands for Airway and what we're doing here is basically checking that there's no obstruction but also evaluating the likelihood that the patient will be able to maintain the airway if they deteriorate further there are several things you can do to assess the airway you can watch the patient and look for signs of an obstruction such as paradoxical chest or abdomen movements cyanosis which is a blue discoloration of the skin or use of accessory muscles you can also listen for sounds for example if the patient is talking that a fairly conclusive sign that the airway is obstructed however if you hear sounds extruder which is a high pitch sound mostly in inspiration

stroke syndromes are collections of signs and symptoms resulting from Strokes in different regions of the brain or central nervous system in this video we will cover the stroke syndrome associated with Strokes in the territory of the and IT Supplies the medial and Superior frontal and parietal lobes as well as some other structures such as parts of the corpus callosum and basal ganglia it is made up of segments first arise connects both the left and right hemispheres this segment also gives off the medial lenticular striae arteries that Supply part of the caudate nucleus and the internal capsule the a to we take this few seconds off to inform you are

we will take a look at how Strokes are diagnosed and then how Strokes the treated and managed the diagnosis of a stroke is and with imaging techniques being used to Aid in that diagnosis a big part of stroke diagnosis and management is the early recognition and tools such as and Razia a used Fast involves facial drooping arm weakness and speech disturbances while T is for the time indicating the need for timely action the Razia score which stands for recognition of stroke in the emergency room is similar and involves looking for any loss of consciousness or seizure activity which counts against a stroke diagnosis as well as facial arm or leg weakness speech disturbances or visual disturbances it physical exam should also be done which will cover the NIH

within the spinal cord there are several different tracts grossly they are divided into ascending and descending tracts on the cross section of the spinal cord these tracks make up the white matter named because of the whitish color that the myelin around the axon gives the gray matter is located centrally comprising the ventral and dorsal horns the ascending pathways are responsible for transporting information from the body these are sensory tracts we will color these tracks in blue and starting from the posterior column also known as the dorsal column we have the fasciculus Q8 and fasciculus gracilis these are responsible for fine touch or tactile sensation vibration and proprioception fasciculus gracilis lies medially to fasciculus CUNY waiters and the difference between the pathways is at signals from the lower limb generally below TC

the World Health Organization definition of stroke is rapidly developing clinical signs of focal or Global disturbance of cerebral function with symptoms lasting 24 hours or longer or leading to death with no apparent cause other than a vascular origin this means that patients with similar symptoms caused by other causes such as tumors subdural hematomas poisoning or trauma and not considered Strokes so the difference between a stroke and a TI a or a transient ischemic attack is that a TI a is a brief episode of neurological dysfunction typically less than one hour but up to 24 hours with a vascular cause and with no evidence of infarction meaning cell death on Imaging they were previously distinguished by the duration of the neurological symptoms but now a distinguished based on the absence of in fact evidence on it

hypoalbuminemia is defined as a low level of albumin in the blood and the normal range is around 3.5 to five point five grams per deciliter I'll is the most abundant protein in human blood making up around half of all serum protein it plays a key role in maintaining oncotic pressure in the blood and since its hide therefore soluble in water albumin can transport lipophilic compounds such as hormones fatty acids and unconjugated bilirubin through the blood albumin also has in acting as a pH buffer Scavenging reactive oxygen species as well as binding some drugs and calcium hypoalbuminemia can be caused by an impact this is within the liver increased utilization by tissues problems in distribution or an increase in the loss of albumin this occurs in liver disease such as cirrhosis or chronic hepatitis weather is it

"...the ascending track to the spinal cord carries sensory information from the body up towards the central nervous system they are grossly divided into tracts that carry conscious sensation and unconscious Sensation will start with a conscious sensation the first that we will cover is the anterolateral system which is made up mostly by the anterior and lateral spinothalamic tract but it also features the spinal reticular and spinal technical tracks the anterior spinal thalamic tract is responsible for crude touch and pressure sensation while the lateral spinothalamic tract is responsible for pain and temperature generally the ascending Pathways have three neurons in the path compared to only two neurons in the descending Pathways the first order neuron in the anterolateral system comes from The receptors in the periphery and signups is with the second order neuron that has its cell body in the also Horn of the gray matter note that the first order neuron can Ascend one to two levels before sign up Ting on to the second order new run the second or the neuron then deficits to the other side of the spinal cord and it is at this point that they form the separate tracts the anterior and lateral spinothalamic tract these second-order neurons will carry the information up the spinal cord to the thalamus where they synapse to the third order on really they are located on the ventral posterolateral nucleus of the thalamus and from there the fibers will travel to the somatosensory cortex of the postcentral gyrus passing through the internal capsule note that the third order neurons do not decussate they travel to the ipsilateral cortex we said that the anterolateral system is made up mostly by the spinothalamic tract but there are also two others the spine reticular which is involved in the automatic response to pain and the spine a technical track which is involved in orienting the head and eyes to stimuli the other system involved in conscious sensation is the dorsal column medial lemniscus pathway named due to the fibers traveling in the dorsal column of the spinal cord and passing through the medial lemniscus in the brainstem the dorsal column medial lemniscus pathway is responsible for transmitting sensations of fine touch to touch discrimination vibration and proprioception slightly we take this few seconds our valued loyal listener about the best health and fitness podcast shows from the Nez pod Studios join us as we give you the best of the best health and wellness updates you can rely on for the treatment of chronic health problems class..."

restless leg syndrome sometimes known as Willis ekblom disease is a common neurological condition characterized by an intense irresistible urge to move the legs on the surface this may tumnus however it can cause significant distress to patients and negatively affect multiple aspects of their lives the condition features unusual unpleasant Sensations described as crawling pitching and stretching of the deeper structures of the leg referred to as dysesthesia but importantly it does not typically feature pain or sensitivity to touch the sensations are usually worse in the evening and are often worst overnight typically when at rest

"...jaundice is the yellow discoloration of the skin that is seen when bilirubin levels go above approximately 3 milligrams per deciliter but it can also be seen a particularly well in the sclera so first of all we need to know a little bit about bilirubin bilirubin is a breakdown product of him and is released from red blood cells when they are destroyed now bilirubin needs to get to the liver in order to be and the way it gets there is by initially being bound by albumin and then been transported to the liver via the blood it then gets taken up into the hepatic cells and is by the enzyme glucose urinal transfer is then secreted into the biliary system now this is the distinction between conjugated and unconjugated bilirubin the presence or absence of this glucose Iran sometimes this is referred to as soluble and insoluble bilirubin now direct and indirect bilirubin are often used as equivalence to conjugate it and unconjugated bilirubin but technically correct direct bilirubin includes conjugated bilirubin and Delta bilirubin which is the bilirubin bound to albumin that we mentioned earlier from there the conjugated bilirubin is present in the bayou and is secreted into the duodenum from the duodenum it travels through the small intestine up to the terminal ileum when most of the biological hepatic circulation but conjugated bilirubin is not reabsorbed it instead passes into the colon where the bacteria remove the gluco uronic acid that was added in the liver and forms urobilinogen which is colorless which is then oxidized into Starck or billion which gives feces it's brown color this is why in cases where the common bile duct is blocked you'll end up seeing pale stools right for anyone who's not been bored out of their mind by that bit will get into the causes of jaundice that you've probably heard split up into different categories these are pre hepatic hip-hop all post hypnotic jaundice which is also sometimes known as obstructive jaundice pre hepatic jaundice will have increased levels of unconjugated bilirubin because we are talking problem occurring before the bilirubin gets deliver these are going to be causes featuring excessive hemolysis so red blood cells being destroyed quicker than usual hemolytic anemia blood transfusions and hemolytic drugs hepatic causes are due to either having damaged hepato sites which is the case in hepatitis cirrhosis..."

stroke syndromes are collections of signs and symptoms resulting from Strokes in different regions of the brain or central nervous system in this video we will cover the stroke syndromes associated with Strokes in the territory of the posterior cerebral arteries they Supply the occipital lobe the inferior surface of the temporal lobes as well as some deeper structures such as the thalamus and the midbrain of the brainstem the posterior cerebral arteries arise from the distal end of the basilar artery which itself is formed from the vertebral arteries there is a connection with the anterior circulation via the posterior communicating artery our first syndrome is Alexia without a graph here which means the inability to read without the loss of writing here the affected regions are thus plenum of the corpus callosum and typically

portal hypertension refers to a higher than normal blood pressure in the portal system a normal range for this pressure is 5 to 10 millimeters of mercury portal hypertension can also be defined as a portal pressure more than 5 millimeters of mercury higher than the pressure in the inferior vena cava so the portal system refers to the portal vein which drains River and the main vessels that link to the portal vein and Superior mesenteric vein which comes from the small intestines the splenic vein which of course carries blood from the spleen the inferior mesenteric connects onto the splenic vein and carries blood from the large intestine but the gastric veins connect also on to the portal vein another thing to note is the umbilical vein which is normally obliterated and becomes the round ligament of the liver but if the pressure in the portal system gets high enough it can reopen varices are dilated veins that

Danish is a mnemonic to help you remember the cerebellar signs these are signs that indicate the presence of cerebellar lesions d stands for dysdiadochokinesia which is the inability to perform a rapid alternating movement such as flipping one hand against the palm of the other in a coordinated and controlled manner Desmet Rhea is a lack of coordination of movement involving the judgement of distance and this can be seen when asking the patient to reach a particular point with a finger a central Ataxia which literally means we take this few our valued loyal listener about the best health and fitness podcast shows from the Nez pod Studios join us as we give you the best of the best health and wellness updates you can rely on for the treatment of chronic health problems classic functional medicine Back to Basics health tips and special updates from the best doctors in the United States of America...

stroke syndromes are collections of signs and symptoms resulting from Strokes in different regions of the brain or central nervous system in this video we will cover the stroke syndromes associated with Strokes in the of the middle cerebral artery IT supplies in most of the temporal lobe the anterolateral frontal lobe and the parietal lobe the middle cerebral artery comes off the internal carotid and is divided into segments the segments are the M1 or the horizontal segment which is the most proximal part and gives off a lenticular striate a tree which are deeper penetrating arteries that Supply the basal ganglia and surrounding region the M2 segment known as the Sylvian segment is next which typically includes a bifurcation into the superior and inferior segments em three segments a cortical...

following a stroke there are several complications to be aware of the patient may have brain edema or increased intracranial pressure which can have a detrimental effect on the outcome of that patient this occurs due to Cellular swelling breakdown of the blood-brain barrier leaking of cerebrospinal fluid from the ependymal lining as well as from cellular debris causing an increased osmolality in that affected region this then causes movement of water into the affected space symptoms include headache dizziness nausea and vomiting and you may have signs such as papilledema and a gradual loss of consciousness because of the increased pressure there is also a risk of obstructive hydrocephalus who Nation Mannitol was previously used to reduce intracranial pressure in these patients however a recent study has shown that this may even increase...

...seizures are defined as a transient occurrence of signs and symptoms due to abnormally excessive or synchronous neuronal activity in the brain they are classified into several types the first thing to consider is where the seizure originated in the brain generalized seizures begin involving both hemispheres of the brain previously they were known as primary General seizures on the other hand focal seizures originate from an area on one hemisphere if seizures begin on one Hemisphere and then involve both they known as focal to bilateral seizures this was previously called secondary generalized seizures the next factor is whether or not the patient keeps their awareness the seizure generalized seizures are automatically considered to affect awareness therefore this distinction only applies to focal seizures meaning you either have focal away

the descending Pathways carry motor signals down the spinal cord and a generally divided into pyramidal or extrapyramidal tracts the pyramidal fibers travel through the medullary pyramids of the medulla oblongata which is why they are termed pyramidal these fibers originate in the cerebral cortex and are responsible for the voluntary control of the muscles of the body and the face there are two different tracks that make up the pyramidal tracts these are the corticospinal and corticobulbar tract the corticospinal tract responsible for the control of the body the cell bodies are found within the cerebral cortex with axons converging and passing through the internal capsule followed by the crus cerebri in the midbrain the pons and subsequently arriving into the medulla oblongata at this level around 75% the fibers will

the definition of syncope is a reversible loss of consciousness that occurs due to an inadequate blood flow to the brain usually their fast onset short duration and a spontaneous recovery so first things first what's the difference between a transient loss of consciousness and sinker beep well syncope is a form of transient loss of consciousness which can be divided into loss of consciousness due to head trauma or non-traumatic causes under which comes along with syncope do other non-traumatic causes of a transient loss of consciousness include epileptic seizures psychogenic causes and rear causes like the problem clinically with syncope is Discerning the really serious and by that I mean potentially lethal causes of syncope so the causes are divided into

Stroke is characterized by having poor blood flow to part of the brain leading to cell death they are grossly divided into ischemic and hemorrhagic with around 15 to 20 percent of Strokes being hemorrhagic a hemorrhagic stroke results from rupture of a blood vessel leading to bleeding compared ischemic stroke that have a sudden occlusion of a blood vessel within hemorrhagic Strokes there are two main types intracerebral meaning bleeding within the brain itself which can be an intraparenchymal Hemorrhage weather is bleeding within the brain tissue or an intraventricular Hemorrhage where there is bleeding within the ventricular system of the brain around one intracerebral hemorrhages into the ventricles intracerebral Hemorrhage is most commonly caused by hypertension and age-related cerebral amyloid angiopathy which is where deposition of

"Hepatorenal syndrome is a life-threatening condition characterized by rapidly Progressive kidney failure that is seen in people with Advanced liver disease the prognosis is very Bleak and is usually fatal without the transplant there are two types type 1 has a median survival of two weeks and features a rapidly increasing creatinine level type 1 happens commonly in taneous bacterial peritonitis type 2 is a slightly more moderate form with a median survival of 10 weeks and a steadier creatinine here patients typically have a site that is resistant to DirectX approximately 18% of cirrhotic patients who have ascites will develop hepatorenal syndrome within one year so what exactly that makes this condition so bad the Hallmark is a renal basic constriction in the setting of vasodilation in splanchnic breasts those are the ..."

diarrhea is defined as having stools that occur more than three times a day and a looser than usual specifically 200 gram 24 hours is considered diagnostic but as you can imagine trying to measure the weight of stools in everyone referring diarrhea would be a mess literally so first off the call divide them into acute and chronic causes for start acute diarrhea is defined as lasting less than four weeks and is often caused by infections that they usually eat a viral or toxin mediated typically they will resolve spontaneously I see cases lasting more than four weeks need to be divided into either organic or functional causes and the difference between them is that organic causes can be detected or Quantified through testing while functional causes cannot

a sudden deterioration in the function of the kidneys is known as an acute kidney injury sometimes also called acute renal failure to measure this reduction in kidney function glomerular filtration rate or GFR is normally used which is a measurement of how well the kidneys are filtering the blood the functional unit of the kidney that actually does this is the Nephron made up of the glomerulus which is a modified capillary and as blood passes through it the waste is filtered into the Bowman's capsule GFR is the volume filtered through the glomerulus into the Bowman's capsule and through the Nephron in a given unit of time the filtrate passes along through the proximal convoluted tubule Loop of henle distal convoluted tubule and the distal collecting duct undergoing secretion and reabsorption

polycystic kidney disease is a condition characterized by the development of multiple cysts within the renal tubules of the kidney and is the most common hereditary renal disease the normal functional unit of the kidney is the nephron made up of a glomerulus and Bowman's capsule proximal convoluted tubule Loop of henle distal convoluted tubule and the collecting duct blood filters through the glomerulus forming filtrate which then passes through the tubules undergoing see and reabsorption eventually forming urine and passing into the ureter and bladder overall there are around 1 million of these nephrons in each kid in polycystic kidney disease these tubules develop into cysts which become filled with fluid and can range in size from being microscopic to