<p><em>We're rascals and scoundrels, we're villains and knaves.</em></p><p><em>We're devils and black sheep, we're really bad eggs.</em></p><p><em>We're beggars and blighters and ne'er do-well cads,</em></p><p><em>Aye, but we're loved by our mommies and dads,</em></p><p><em>Stand up me hearties, yo ho!</em></p><p><em>Yo ho, yo ho, a pirate's life for me!</em></p><br><p><strong>Time Period Covered:</strong></p><p>ca. 1521-1550 CE</p><br><p><strong> Sources Cited:</strong></p><p>Andrade, Tonio and Xing Hang. “Introduction: The East Asian Maritime Realm in Global History: 1500-1700” in <em>Sea Rovers, Silver, and Samurai: Maritime East Asia in Global History, 1500-1700</em>.</p><p>Chin, James K. “Merchants, Smugglers, and Pirates: Multinational Clandestine Trade on the South China Coast, 1520-50” in <em>Elusive pirates, pervasive smugglers: violence and clandestine trade in the Greater China Seas.</em></p><p>Geiss, James. “The Chia-ching reign, 1522-1566” in <em>The Cambridge History of China, Vol. 7: The Ming Dynasty, 1368-1644, Part I.</em></p><p>Laver, Michael. “Neither Here nor There: Trade, Piracy, and the ‘Space Between’ in Early Modern East Asia” in <em>Sea Rovers, Silver, and Samurai: Maritime East Asia in Global History, 1500-1700</em>.</p><p>Petrucci, Maria Grazia. “Pirates, Gunpowder, and Christianity in Late Sixteenth-Century Japan” in <em>Elusive pirates, pervasive smugglers: violence and clandestine trade in the Greater China Seas.</em></p><p>Wills, John E. “Maritime China from Wang Chih to Shih Lang: Themes In Peripheral History” in <em>From Ming to Ch’ing: Conquest, Region, and Continuity in Seventeenth-Century China.</em></p><p><br></p><br /><hr><p style='color:grey; font-size:0.75em;'> Hosted on Acast. See <a style='color:grey;' target='_blank' rel='noopener noreferrer' href='https://acast.com/privacy'>acast.com/privacy</a> for more information.</p>

<p>A brief history of Mid-Autumn Festival, and the tale of Hou Yi the Archer &amp; the Ten Suns, and Chang'e &amp; the Moon</p><br><p><em>In other words, please be true</em></p><p><em>In other words, I love you.</em></p><br><p>Sources:</p><p>Barlett, Scarlett. <em>The Mythology Bible: The Definitive Guide to Legendary Tales.</em></p><p>Masaka, Mori. “Restoring the ‘Epic of Hou Yi’” in <em>Asian Folklore Studies, vol. 52, no. 5.</em></p><p>Yang, Lihui, Demin An, and Jessica Anderson Turner. <em>Handbook of Chinese Mythology.</em></p><br /><hr><p style='color:grey; font-size:0.75em;'> Hosted on Acast. See <a style='color:grey;' target='_blank' rel='noopener noreferrer' href='https://acast.com/privacy'>acast.com/privacy</a> for more information.</p>

<p>The Jiajing Emperor rounds out the back-half of his interminably long reign by hiding away in his personal palace, and only occasionally coming out to tell everyone what a terrible job they're all doing. The Mongols seize on Ming weakness to basically do whatever they want, and the Ming respond by turtling even harder and building more walls. Without a imperial guiding hand, the ministers are left to their own devices... with predictably selfish and myopic results.</p><br><p>Time Period Covered:</p><p>1550-1567 CE</p><br><p>Major Historical Figures:</p><p>Ming Empire:</p><p>The Jiajing Emperor (Zhu Houcong) [r. 1521-1567]</p><p>Gen. Qiu Ruan [d. 1552]</p><p>Grand Secretary Xia Yan [1482-1548]</p><p>Grand Secretary Yan Song [1480-1567]</p><p>Grand Secretary Xu Jie [1512-1578]</p><br><p>Mongolia:</p><p>Altan Khan [1507-1582]</p><p>Prince Toghto</p><br><p>Major Works Cited:</p><p>Bacon, Francis. “Of empire” in <em>The essays of Francis Bacon</em> (1908).</p><p>Geiss, James. “The Chia-ching reign, 1522-1566,” in <em>The Cambridge History of China, Vol. 7: the Ming Dynasty, 1368-1644, Part I.</em></p><p><br></p><br /><hr><p style='color:grey; font-size:0.75em;'> Hosted on Acast. See <a style='color:grey;' target='_blank' rel='noopener noreferrer' href='https://acast.com/privacy'>acast.com/privacy</a> for more information.</p>

<p><em>Let the state be small and the people few:</em></p><p><em>So that the people…</em></p><p><em>fearing death, will be reluctant to move great distances</em></p><p><em>and, even if they have boats and carts, will not use them.</em></p><p><em>So that the people…</em></p><p><em>Will find their food sweet and their clothes beautiful,</em></p><p><em>will be content with where they live and happy in their customs.</em></p><p><em>Though adjoining states be within sight of one another</em></p><p><em>and cocks crowing and dogs barking in one can be heard in the next,</em></p><p><em>yet the people of one state will grow old and die without having had any dealings with those of another.</em></p><p><br></p><br /><hr><p style='color:grey; font-size:0.75em;'> Hosted on Acast. See <a style='color:grey;' target='_blank' rel='noopener noreferrer' href='https://acast.com/privacy'>acast.com/privacy</a> for more information.</p>

<p>The Jianwen Emperor plays shell-games with his dad's spirit tablet, decides Confucius has had it too good for too long, gets gross in his pursuit for immortality, and tries breath-play with his concubines... oh yes, and fire. So, so much fire.</p><br><p>Time Period Covered:</p><p>ca. 1524-1547 CE</p><br><p>Major Historical Figures:</p><p>The Jiajing Emperor (Zhu Houcong) [r. 1521-1567]</p><p>Empress Dowager Zhang [r. 1505-1541]</p><p>Empress Chen [r. 1522-1528]</p><p>Empress Zhang [r. 1529-1534]</p><p>Empress Fang [r. 1534-1547]</p><p>Confucius [551-479 BCE]</p><p>Minister Xia Yan</p><p>Minister Huo Tao</p><br><p>Major Sources Cited:</p><p>Works Cited:</p><p>Geiss, James. “The Chia-ching reign, 1522-1566,” in The Cambridge History of China, Vol. 7: the Ming Dynasty, 1368-1644, Part I.</p><p>Huang, Weibo. “The palace rebellion of ‘Renyin’ and the Jiajing Emperor’s belief in alchemy” in Xiang Chao.</p><p>McMahon, Keith. Celestial Women: Imperial Wives and Concubines in China from Song to Qing.</p><p>Zhang, Tingyu. History of Ming, Vol. 114, Historical Biography 2, Empresses and Concubines 2.</p><p>Zhang, Yongchang. “The ‘Renyin’ palace rebellion: palace women sacrifice themselves” in Quanzhou Wenxue.</p><br /><hr><p style='color:grey; font-size:0.75em;'> Hosted on Acast. See <a style='color:grey;' target='_blank' rel='noopener noreferrer' href='https://acast.com/privacy'>acast.com/privacy</a> for more information.</p>

<p>ca. 1470-1480 CE</p><br><p>Under the tutelage of his queen Mandukhai, Dayan Khan grows from helpless boy to leader of men, learning along the way that vengeance is a dish best served cold.</p><br><p>Part 1 of 2 (whole version available at https://www.patreon.com/thehistoryofchina):</p><br /><hr><p style='color:grey; font-size:0.75em;'> Hosted on Acast. See <a style='color:grey;' target='_blank' rel='noopener noreferrer' href='https://acast.com/privacy'>acast.com/privacy</a> for more information.</p>

<p>The widow-queen of the Mongols, Mandukhai, seizes the reins of her own fate, entreating the spirits of sky and earth to help her in her quest to reunite her broken people and return sovereignty and glory to Mongolia. Oh, and she also marries a 7-year-old, which is a little strange, but makes sense in context.</p><br><p>Time Period Covered:</p><p>1470~1480 CE</p><br><p>Major Historical Figures:</p><p>Mandukhai Khatun [ca. 1449-1510]</p><p>Dayan Khan (Batu Mongke) [1462-1543?]</p><p>Gen. Une-Bolod [?-?]</p><p>Ismayil Taishi [d. 1486]</p><br><p>IZHRFtmFcUK0fVmjUCMM</p><br /><hr><p style='color:grey; font-size:0.75em;'> Hosted on Acast. See <a style='color:grey;' target='_blank' rel='noopener noreferrer' href='https://acast.com/privacy'>acast.com/privacy</a> for more information.</p>

<p>In the chaos that grips the steppes in the mid 15th century, anarchy reins. Though there are though who call themselves khans, they were merely figureheads controlled by their own prime ministers, the taishis. The once mighty Borjigin Clan has been bled nearly dry, and usurpers are over every hill crest.</p><br><p>Into this world of destruction and disarray, two children are born on opposite sides of the vast Gobi. The first is one of the last members of the House of Borjigin, a boy called Bayan Möngke, who will in time become the heir to the office of Great Khan of the Mongols. The other a girl of seemingly little significance, Mandukhai, who will be given to the sitting Khan in marriage as his second queen.</p><br><p><strong>Time Period Covered:</strong></p><p>ca. 1448~1478 CE</p><br><p><strong>Major Historical Figures:</strong></p><p><strong>Northern Yuan:</strong></p><p>Beg-Arslan Taishi</p><p>Ismayil Taishi</p><p>Manduul Khan, "The Old Khan" [ca. 1438-1478]</p><p>Bayan Möngke Jinong, "The Golden Prince" [ca. 145?-147?]</p><p>Yeke Qabar-tu Khatun, "Big Nose" [14??-14??]</p><p>Mandukhai Khatun [ca. 1448-1510]</p><p>General Une-Bolod [14??-14??]</p><p>Siker [144?-14??]</p><p>Boroghchin [ca. 14??-147?]</p><br /><hr><p style='color:grey; font-size:0.75em;'> Hosted on Acast. See <a style='color:grey;' target='_blank' rel='noopener noreferrer' href='https://acast.com/privacy'>acast.com/privacy</a> for more information.</p>

<p>Aziz, Ashaya, Sean, and myself have a ball discussing all the things GRRM took - and didn't - from Chinese history when he "created" the mysterious empire of Yi-Ti!</p><p>I had an absolute ball, and I hope you will, too!!</p><br /><hr><p style='color:grey; font-size:0.75em;'> Hosted on Acast. See <a style='color:grey;' target='_blank' rel='noopener noreferrer' href='https://acast.com/privacy'>acast.com/privacy</a> for more information.</p>

It isn't over, not really<br /><hr><p style='color:grey; font-size:0.75em;'> Hosted on Acast. See <a style='color:grey;' target='_blank' rel='noopener noreferrer' href='https://acast.com/privacy'>acast.com/privacy</a> for more information.</p>

<p>Great Ming is having some problems with its border troops who think orders are actually "suggestions." The Jiajing Emperor is having some problems with his ministers being self-serving twits. Meanwhile, there's some strange happenings going on beyond the wild frontiers...</p><br><p>Time Period Covered:</p><p>~1510-1540 CE</p><br /><hr><p style='color:grey; font-size:0.75em;'> Hosted on Acast. See <a style='color:grey;' target='_blank' rel='noopener noreferrer' href='https://acast.com/privacy'>acast.com/privacy</a> for more information.</p>

<p>05/13/2022</p><br><p>"Relax," said the night man,</p><p>"We are programmed to receive."</p><br /><hr><p style='color:grey; font-size:0.75em;'> Hosted on Acast. See <a style='color:grey;' target='_blank' rel='noopener noreferrer' href='https://acast.com/privacy'>acast.com/privacy</a> for more information.</p>

<p>With the Zhengde Emperor dead without an heir, the succession is in question and rebellion brewing. Fortunately, Grand Secretary Yang Tinghe has planned for this and calls in his backup - the 13-year-old Prince of Xing, Zhengde's younger cousin. He'll come to power as the Jiajing Emperor... but Secretary Yang will very quickly find out that, though young, Jiajing is a spitfire who's here to play the game, not be played.</p><br><p>Time Period Covered:</p><p>1519-1524 CE</p><br><p>Major Historical Figures:</p><p>Zhu Houcong (The Jiajing Emperor) [r. 1521-1567]</p><p>Grand Secretary Yang Tinghe [1459-1529]</p><p>Empress Dowager Zhang [1471-1541]</p><p>Lady/Empress Dowager Jiang</p><br><p>Major Works Cited:</p><p>Geiss, James. “The Cheng-te reign, 1506-1521” in The Cambridge History of China, Vol. 7: The Ming Dynasty, 1368-1644, Part I.”</p><p>Legge, James. <em>The Chinese Classics, Vol. III.</em></p><br /><hr><p style='color:grey; font-size:0.75em;'> Hosted on Acast. See <a style='color:grey;' target='_blank' rel='noopener noreferrer' href='https://acast.com/privacy'>acast.com/privacy</a> for more information.</p>